Verify Leflunomide

Drug JSON

This is exactly what your browser canonicalizes + SHA-256-hashes

{
  "slug": "leflunomide",
  "nameEn": "Leflunomide",
  "nameTh": "เลฟลูโนไมด์",
  "class": "Immunomodulator — pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor",
  "mechanism": "ถูกเปลี่ยนเป็น teriflunomide ยับยั้งเอนไซม์ dihydroorotate dehydrogenase ลดการสร้าง pyrimidine จึงยับยั้งการแบ่งตัวของ lymphocyte; เป็น immunosuppressant เสริม (มักคู่ corticosteroid)",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Arava"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "โรคภูมิคุ้มกันทำลายตนเองในสุนัข — immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA), hemolytic anemia (IMHA), thrombocytopenia (ITP); ใช้เป็น steroid-sparing/adjunct",
      "cites": [
        "acvim-imha-i",
        "paper-leflunomide"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "⚠️ ขนาด >4 mg/kg/วัน ทำให้ dose-dependent anemia — เริ่มต่ำ; monitor CBC + ตับ; ระวังในตับบกพร่อง/ติดเชื้อ; teratogenic (ห้ามตั้งท้อง)",
      "cites": [
        "paper-leflunomide"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "ท้องเสีย ซึม, ⚠️ anemia/thrombocytopenia (dose-related), ตับเอนไซม์สูง, เลือดออกผิดปกติ; พบผลข้างเคียง ~12%",
      "cites": [
        "paper-leflunomide"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "IMHA / IMPA / ITP (with prednisolone)",
      "route": "PO",
      "dose": "2 mg/kg PO วันละครั้ง (ตาม ACVIM IMHA; ช่วง 2–4 mg/kg — เริ่มต่ำลดพิษ) อย่างน้อย 6 สัปดาห์ก่อนปรับ",
      "cites": [
        "acvim-imha-i",
        "paper-leflunomide"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "monitoring": [
    {
      "text": "ตรวจ CBC (anemia/thrombocytopenia) + ค่าตับเป็นระยะ; ลดขนาดเมื่อมีพิษ",
      "cites": [
        "paper-leflunomide"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "acvim-imha-i",
      "type": "guideline",
      "title": "ACVIM consensus statement on the treatment of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in dogs (Swann 2019)",
      "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.15463",
      "year": 2024,
      "note": "ACVIM/AAHA consensus or guideline.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "paper-leflunomide",
      "type": "paper",
      "title": "Efficacy of leflunomide for immune-mediated polyarthritis in dogs: 14 cases",
      "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20113244/",
      "year": 2023,
      "note": "Peer-reviewed canine IMPA leflunomide study.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-leflunomide",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Leflunomide — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leflunomide",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-30",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "L04AA13",
      "name": "Leflunomide",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-05-30",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-05-30",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-05-30",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (Merck Veterinary Manual / FDA-EMA labels / ACVIM-AAHA / VIN / peer-reviewed), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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