Verify Hydrochlorothiazide

Drug JSON

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{
  "slug": "hydrochlorothiazide",
  "nameEn": "Hydrochlorothiazide",
  "nameTh": "ไฮโดรคลอโรไทอาไซด์",
  "class": "Cardiovascular — thiazide diuretic",
  "mechanism": "thiazide diuretic ยับยั้ง Na-Cl cotransporter ที่ distal convoluted tubule เพิ่มการขับโซเดียมและน้ำ; ใช้เสริม loop diuretic ใน CHF ดื้อยา และลดการสร้างนิ่ว calcium oxalate (ลด calcium ในปัสสาวะ)",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "HCTZ",
    "Microzide"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "หัวใจล้มเหลวที่ดื้อ furosemide (sequential nephron blockade), nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, และลดการกลับเป็นนิ่ว calcium oxalate ในสุนัข",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics-h",
        "vca-hctz"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "⚠️ ระวัง hypokalemia + hyponatremia + dehydration + azotemia (โดยเฉพาะคู่ furosemide) — ต้อง monitor electrolyte/ไต; ห้ามในภาวะขาดน้ำ/ปัสสาวะไม่ออก",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "โพแทสเซียมต่ำ, โซเดียมต่ำ, ขาดน้ำ, azotemia ก่อนไต, น้ำตาล/แคลเซียมในเลือดเปลี่ยน",
      "cites": [
        "vca-hctz"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "Refractory CHF / calcium oxalate prevention",
      "route": "PO",
      "dose": "1–4 mg/kg PO ทุก 12 ชั่วโมง (เริ่มต่ำ; เสริม furosemide ใช้ขนาดต่ำ + monitor ใกล้ชิด)",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics-h",
        "vca-hctz"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "Refractory CHF",
      "route": "PO",
      "dose": "1–2 mg/kg PO ทุก 12 ชั่วโมง",
      "cites": [
        "vca-hctz"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "monitoring": [
    {
      "text": "ตรวจ electrolyte (K+, Na+) + ค่าไต + hydration เป็นระยะ โดยเฉพาะเมื่อใช้คู่ loop diuretic",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics-h"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "merck-diuretics-h",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Diuretics — MSD/Merck Veterinary Manual",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/systemic-pharmacotherapeutics-of-the-renal-system/diuretics",
      "note": "Authoritative veterinary pharmacology reference. Copyrighted, cited not mirrored.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "vca-hctz",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Hydrochlorothiazide — VCA Animal Hospitals",
      "url": "https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/hydrochlorothiazide",
      "year": 2025,
      "note": "Clinical veterinary drug reference.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-hydrochlorothiazide",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Hydrochlorothiazide — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochlorothiazide",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-30",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "C03AA03",
      "name": "Hydrochlorothiazide",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-05-30",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-05-30",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-05-30",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (Merck Veterinary Manual / EMA-FDA labels / VSSO / ACVIM-AAHA / peer-reviewed), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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