Verify Nalbuphine

Drug JSON

This is exactly what your browser canonicalizes + SHA-256-hashes

{
  "slug": "nalbuphine",
  "nameEn": "Nalbuphine",
  "nameTh": "นาลบูฟีน",
  "class": "Opioid — mixed κ-agonist / μ-antagonist",
  "mechanism": "กระตุ้น κ-opioid และต้าน μ-opioid receptor ให้ฤทธิ์ระงับปวดอ่อน-ปานกลางโดยกดการหายใจน้อย และใช้กลับฤทธิ์ μ-agonist บางส่วนโดยคงการระงับปวดไว้",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Nubain"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "ระงับปวดอ่อน-ปานกลาง และ partial reversal ของ μ-agonist (ลดการกดหายใจโดยยังระงับปวด) ในสุนัข/แมว",
      "cites": [
        "dailymed-nalbuphine",
        "plumbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "ฤทธิ์ระงับปวดมี ceiling (เพิ่มขนาดไม่เพิ่มผล); ระวังในสัตว์ที่พึ่ง μ-agonist (อาจถอนยา)",
      "cites": [
        "dailymed-nalbuphine",
        "plumbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "ซึมเล็กน้อย; กดการหายใจน้อยกว่า full agonist",
      "cites": [
        "plumbs",
        "wikipedia-Nalbuphine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "Mild-moderate pain / partial μ-reversal",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "0.03–0.1 mg/kg IV/IM ทุก 2–4 ชั่วโมง",
      "cites": [
        "plumbs",
        "dailymed-nalbuphine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "Mild-moderate pain / partial μ-reversal",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "0.03–0.1 mg/kg IV/IM ทุก 2–4 ชั่วโมง",
      "cites": [
        "plumbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "atc-N02AF02",
      "type": "regulatory-database",
      "title": "WHO ATC/DDD Index — Nalbuphine (N02AF02)",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=N02AF02&showdescription=no",
      "note": "WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification. Authoritative for class + INN.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "dailymed-nalbuphine",
      "type": "package-insert",
      "title": "Nalbuphine — DailyMed (US FDA label)",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?query=nalbuphine",
      "note": "US FDA structured product label. Authoritative for indications, contraindications, labeled use.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "plumbs",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 10th Edition",
      "authors": "Plumb DC",
      "year": 2023,
      "edition": "10th",
      "url": "https://www.plumbs.com/",
      "note": "Standard veterinary drug reference. Species doses cross-checked against this handbook.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-Nalbuphine",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Nalbuphine — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalbuphine",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-06-07",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "N02AF02",
      "name": "Nalbuphine",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-06-07",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-06-07",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-06-07",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (WHO ATC / FDA label / Plumb’s / VSSO), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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