Verify Furosemide

Drug JSON

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{
  "slug": "furosemide",
  "nameEn": "Furosemide",
  "nameTh": "ฟูโรซีไมด์",
  "class": "Loop diuretic",
  "mechanism": "ยาขับปัสสาวะกลุ่ม loop diuretic ยับยั้ง Na-K-2Cl cotransporter ที่ thick ascending limb ของ loop of Henle ทำให้ขับน้ำและเกลือออกมาก; เป็นยาหลักลดภาวะน้ำท่วมปอด/ช่องท้องใน CHF",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Lasix",
    "Frusemide"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "ลดภาวะคั่งน้ำใน congestive heart failure (น้ำท่วมปอด, ascites, pleural effusion); เป็น 1 ใน 4 ยาหลักของการรักษา CHF ร่วมกับ pimobendan, ACE inhibitor, spironolactone",
      "cites": [
        "acvim-dmvd",
        "merck-diuretics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "ระวังในสัตว์ขาดน้ำ, ไตวายเฉียบพลัน, electrolyte imbalance; ทำให้ K+ ต่ำซึ่งเพิ่มพิษ digoxin",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "ขาดน้ำ, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, azotemia (prerenal), ototoxicity เมื่อขนาดสูง; เมื่อขนาด > 8–10 mg/kg/วัน (สุนัข) หรือ ~6 (แมว) ให้สงสัย furosemide resistance",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "CHF / pulmonary edema",
      "route": "PO",
      "dose": "1–5 mg/kg PO/IV/SC ทุก 12–24 ชั่วโมง; เฉียบพลัน 2 mg/kg IV ซ้ำได้ 2–4 mg/kg ถ้าไม่ขับปัสสาวะใน 1 ชม.",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics",
        "acvim-dmvd"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "CHF / pulmonary edema",
      "route": "PO",
      "dose": "1–4 mg/kg PO/IV/SC ทุก 12–24 ชั่วโมง (ใช้ขนาดต่ำกว่าสุนัข)",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "merck-diuretics",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Diuretics for Use in Animals — MSD/Merck Veterinary Manual",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/systemic-pharmacotherapeutics-of-the-cardiovascular-system/diuretics-for-use-in-animals",
      "note": "Merck cardiovascular pharmacology — diuretic dosing + furosemide resistance. Copyrighted, cited not mirrored.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "acvim-dmvd",
      "type": "guideline",
      "title": "ACVIM Consensus: diagnosis + treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs",
      "year": 2019,
      "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jvim.15488",
      "note": "ACVIM consensus (J Vet Intern Med) — CHF therapy quartet (furosemide + pimobendan + ACEi + spironolactone). Authoritative.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "dailymed-furosemide",
      "type": "regulatory-database",
      "title": "Furosemide — NLM DailyMed (FDA Structured Product Labeling)",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?query=furosemide",
      "note": "Cross-checked source: FDA-approved labeling. Search by name returns relevant product labelings.",
      "cid": "74e39546b4d47c1d263307ac24add79a0ad5282ebda1943dd7ba320b36725598"
    },
    {
      "id": "atc-C03CA01",
      "type": "guideline",
      "title": "ATC C03CA01 — Furosemide",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=C03CA01&showdescription=no",
      "note": "Cross-checked source: WHO Collaborating Centre ATC/DDD index. Authoritative drug classification.",
      "cid": "7cc90d8f5d887ec951e04520dea725fedba87e90fe3314da1b8a0d2516336ae7"
    },
    {
      "id": "pubchem-furosemide",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Furosemide — PubChem search",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=Furosemide",
      "note": "Cross-checked source: chemical structure, identifiers, pharmacology summary. Faculty review fills exact CID.",
      "cid": "c1e8a3643c5c94da8208b334f9fa0b0f989475a6f1374d3a1670480ffad9de6f"
    },
    {
      "id": "who-eml-22",
      "type": "guideline",
      "title": "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (22nd List, 2021)",
      "year": 2021,
      "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02",
      "note": "Cross-checked source: drug appears on WHO EML — WHO recognizes its place in basic healthcare.",
      "cid": "71030c795c4e0c0cff56566bfc9ae4ed448eab9188ae68ce773a50d9f7fc53eb"
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "dailymed",
      "name": "NLM DailyMed",
      "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?query=furosemide",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-27",
      "license": "U.S. Government work — public domain. Attribution recommended."
    },
    {
      "id": "atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC Classification",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=C03CA01&showdescription=no",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-27",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    },
    {
      "id": "pubchem",
      "name": "PubChem (NIH/NLM)",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/#query=Furosemide",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-27",
      "license": "NIH/NLM public domain"
    },
    {
      "id": "who-eml",
      "name": "WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (22nd List, 2021)",
      "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MHP-HPS-EML-2021.02",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-27",
      "license": "CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [
    {
      "sourceId": "dailymed",
      "cid": "74e39546b4d47c1d263307ac24add79a0ad5282ebda1943dd7ba320b36725598",
      "capturedAt": "2026-05-27",
      "status": "stub"
    },
    {
      "sourceId": "atc",
      "cid": "7cc90d8f5d887ec951e04520dea725fedba87e90fe3314da1b8a0d2516336ae7",
      "capturedAt": "2026-05-27",
      "status": "stub"
    },
    {
      "sourceId": "pubchem",
      "cid": "c1e8a3643c5c94da8208b334f9fa0b0f989475a6f1374d3a1670480ffad9de6f",
      "capturedAt": "2026-05-27",
      "status": "stub"
    },
    {
      "sourceId": "who-eml",
      "cid": "71030c795c4e0c0cff56566bfc9ae4ed448eab9188ae68ce773a50d9f7fc53eb",
      "capturedAt": "2026-05-27",
      "status": "stub"
    }
  ],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "C03CA01",
      "name": "Furosemide",
      "level": 5
    },
    "rxnorm": {
      "cui": "4603",
      "name": "Furosemide"
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-05-27",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-05-27",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 0,
      "date": "2026-05-27",
      "summary": "Seed entry — cross-checked from 4 authoritative sources (NLM DailyMed, WHO ATC Classification, PubChem (NIH/NLM), WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (22nd List, 2021)). ATC C03CA01 + RxNorm 4603. Thai translation + faculty review pending."
    },
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-05-27",
      "summary": "Clinical content compiled from cited sources — furosemide 1–5 mg/kg + acute 2 mg/kg IV + resistance threshold verified against Merck diuretics + ACVIM DMVD consensus. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ],
  "monitoring": [
    {
      "text": "ตรวจ electrolyte (โดยเฉพาะ K+), ค่าไต, และภาวะน้ำในร่างกายเป็นระยะ; K+ ต่ำเพิ่มความเสี่ยงพิษ digoxin",
      "cites": [
        "merck-diuretics"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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