Verify Flumazenil

Drug JSON

This is exactly what your browser canonicalizes + SHA-256-hashes

{
  "slug": "flumazenil",
  "nameEn": "Flumazenil",
  "nameTh": "ฟลูมาเซนิล",
  "class": "Antidote — benzodiazepine receptor antagonist",
  "mechanism": "แย่งจับ benzodiazepine binding site บน GABA-A receptor จึงกลับฤทธิ์กดประสาทของ benzodiazepine (diazepam, midazolam) และ zolpidem; ออกฤทธิ์สั้นจึงอาจต้องให้ซ้ำ",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Anexate",
    "Romazicon"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "กลับฤทธิ์ benzodiazepine overdose (รวมการกิน zolpidem/alprazolam ของคน) และกลับฤทธิ์กดประสาทจาก benzodiazepine ที่ใช้ในการวางยา",
      "cites": [
        "merck-benzo-tox",
        "pubmed-flumazenil"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "ระวังในสัตว์ที่ใช้ benzodiazepine คุมชัก (การกลับฤทธิ์อาจกระตุ้นชัก); ออกฤทธิ์สั้นกว่า benzodiazepine หลายตัว — เฝ้าระวัง re-sedation และให้ซ้ำ",
      "cites": [
        "merck-benzo-tox"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "กระตุ้นชักได้ (โดยเฉพาะในสัตว์ที่พึ่ง benzodiazepine), กระสับกระส่าย; re-sedation เมื่อยาหมดฤทธิ์",
      "cites": [
        "merck-benzo-tox"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "Benzodiazepine reversal",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "0.01 mg/kg IV ให้ซ้ำได้ตามอาการ (ครึ่งชีวิต ~1 ชม.)",
      "cites": [
        "merck-benzo-tox",
        "pubmed-flumazenil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "Benzodiazepine reversal",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "0.01 mg/kg IV ให้ซ้ำได้ตามอาการ",
      "cites": [
        "merck-benzo-tox"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "merck-benzo-tox",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Toxicoses from Human Antidepressants, Anxiolytics, and Sleep Aids — MSD/Merck Veterinary Manual",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/toxicology/toxicoses-from-human-antidepressants-anxiolytics-and-sleep-aids/toxicoses-in-animals-from-human-antidepressants-anxiolytics-and-sleep-aids",
      "note": "Authoritative veterinary pharmacology reference. Copyrighted, cited not mirrored.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "pubmed-flumazenil",
      "type": "paper",
      "title": "Flumazenil reversal of midazolam in dogs: dose-related changes",
      "year": 2005,
      "url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15815239/",
      "note": "Peer-reviewed canine flumazenil pharmacology. PubMed PMID 15815239.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-Flumazenil",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Flumazenil — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flumazenil",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-27",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "V03AB25",
      "name": "Flumazenil",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-05-27",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-05-27",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-05-27",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (RECOVER 2024 / BSAVA / Merck / AAHA / ACVIM / peer-reviewed), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

[]