Verify Esmolol

Drug JSON

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{
  "slug": "esmolol",
  "nameEn": "Esmolol",
  "nameTh": "เอสโมลอล",
  "class": "Ultra-short-acting β1-selective blocker",
  "mechanism": "ปิดกั้น β1-adrenergic receptor อย่างจำเพาะและสั้นมาก (ครึ่งชีวิต ~9 นาที) ลดอัตราการเต้นหัวใจและแรงบีบตัว ใช้คุมภาวะหัวใจเต้นเร็วเหนือเวนทริเคิลเฉียบพลัน",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Brevibloc"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "ภาวะหัวใจเต้นเร็วเหนือเวนทริเคิลเฉียบพลัน (SVT), sinus tachycardia ที่ต้องคุมเร็ว, arrhythmia ระหว่างผ่าตัด",
      "cites": [
        "merck-cv-pharm",
        "dailymed-esmolol"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "ภาวะหัวใจเต้นช้า, AV block ระดับสูง, หัวใจล้มเหลวที่ยังไม่คงที่ (decompensated CHF), หลอดลมหดเกร็ง (bronchospasm)",
      "cites": [
        "merck-cv-pharm",
        "dailymed-esmolol"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "หัวใจเต้นช้า, ความดันต่ำ, ลดแรงบีบตัวหัวใจ — แต่ออกฤทธิ์หมดเร็วเมื่อหยุดให้ จึงปรับได้ง่าย",
      "cites": [
        "merck-cv-pharm",
        "wikipedia-Esmolol"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "Acute supraventricular tachyarrhythmia",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "loading 50–500 mcg/kg IV ช้า ๆ over ~1 นาที แล้ว CRI 25–200 mcg/kg/min titrate ตาม HR",
      "cites": [
        "merck-cv-pharm",
        "plumbs"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "Acute supraventricular tachyarrhythmia",
      "route": "IV",
      "dose": "loading 50–500 mcg/kg IV ช้า ๆ แล้ว CRI 25–200 mcg/kg/min titrate",
      "cites": [
        "merck-cv-pharm",
        "plumbs"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "atc-C07AB09",
      "type": "regulatory-database",
      "title": "WHO ATC/DDD Index — Esmolol (C07AB09)",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=C07AB09&showdescription=no",
      "note": "WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification. Authoritative for class + INN.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "dailymed-esmolol",
      "type": "package-insert",
      "title": "Esmolol — DailyMed (US FDA label)",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?query=esmolol",
      "note": "US FDA structured product label. Authoritative for mechanism, indications, contraindications.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "merck-cv-pharm",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Systemic Pharmacotherapeutics of the Cardiovascular System — Merck Veterinary Manual",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/systemic-pharmacotherapeutics-of-the-cardiovascular-system",
      "note": "Merck (MSD) Veterinary Manual. Authoritative veterinary clinical reference.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "plumbs",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 10th Edition",
      "authors": "Plumb DC",
      "year": 2023,
      "edition": "10th",
      "url": "https://www.plumbs.com/",
      "note": "Standard veterinary drug reference. Dose cross-checked against this handbook.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-Esmolol",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Esmolol — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esmolol",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-06-07",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "C07AB09",
      "name": "Esmolol",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-06-07",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-06-07",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-06-07",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (Merck Vet Manual / Plumb’s / RECOVER 2024 / WHO ATC / FDA label), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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