Verify Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)

Drug JSON

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{
  "slug": "ciprofloxacin-ophthalmic",
  "nameEn": "Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)",
  "nameTh": "ซิโพรฟล็อกซาซิน (หยอดตา)",
  "class": "Ophthalmology — fluoroquinolone antibiotic (topical)",
  "mechanism": "fluoroquinolone — ยับยั้ง DNA gyrase/topoisomerase IV; รูปหยอดตาครอบคลุมกว้างรวม Pseudomonas ใช้กับแผลกระจกตาจากแบคทีเรีย",
  "brandNamesTh": [
    "Ciloxan",
    "Ciprofloxacin 0.3%"
  ],
  "indications": [
    {
      "text": "แผลกระจกตาจากแบคทีเรีย, conjunctivitis, keratitis, blepharitis ในสุนัข แมว และม้า — โดยเฉพาะเมื่อสงสัย Pseudomonas",
      "cites": [
        "petplace-cipro-eye",
        "merck-ocular-c"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "contraindications": [
    {
      "text": "ใช้เฉพาะที่; ⚠️ corneal precipitate สีขาว (พบบ่อยกว่า ofloxacin — มักหายเอง); ใช้พร่ำเพรื่อส่งเสริมเชื้อดื้อ — สงวนสำหรับแผลกระจกตา/เคสบ่งชี้",
      "cites": [
        "petplace-cipro-eye"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sideEffects": [
    {
      "text": "ระคายตา, corneal precipitate สีขาว (reversible), แสบชั่วคราว",
      "cites": [
        "petplace-cipro-eye"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "dosages": [
    {
      "species": "canine",
      "indication": "Bacterial corneal ulcer",
      "route": "topical",
      "dose": "หยอด 2 หยด ทุก 15 นาที 6 ชม.แรก แล้วทุก 30 นาทีจนครบวันแรก; วัน 2 ทุกชั่วโมง; วัน 3–14 ทุก 4 ชั่วโมง",
      "cites": [
        "petplace-cipro-eye",
        "merck-ocular-c"
      ]
    },
    {
      "species": "feline",
      "indication": "Bacterial conjunctivitis / keratitis",
      "route": "topical",
      "dose": "หยอด 1–2 หยด ทุก 6–8 ชั่วโมง (เคสทั่วไป)",
      "cites": [
        "petplace-cipro-eye"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "citations": [
    {
      "id": "petplace-cipro-eye",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Ciprofloxacin ophthalmic for Dogs, Cats, Horses — drug reference",
      "url": "https://entirelypetspharmacy.com/ciprofloxacin-ophthalmic-solution.html",
      "year": 2025,
      "note": "Clinical veterinary drug reference.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "merck-ocular-c",
      "type": "textbook",
      "title": "Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics — MSD/Merck Veterinary Manual",
      "year": 2025,
      "url": "https://www.merckvetmanual.com/eye-and-ear/ophthalmology/ocular-pharmacology-and-therapeutics",
      "note": "Authoritative veterinary pharmacology reference. Copyrighted, cited not mirrored.",
      "cid": null
    },
    {
      "id": "wikipedia-ciprofloxacin",
      "type": "monograph",
      "title": "Ciprofloxacin — Wikipedia",
      "year": 2026,
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciprofloxacin",
      "note": "Tertiary cross-check for class + mechanism. CC BY-SA 4.0. Not sole authority.",
      "cid": null
    }
  ],
  "mirroredFrom": [
    {
      "id": "who-atc",
      "name": "WHO ATC/DDD Index",
      "url": "https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/",
      "asOfDate": "2026-05-31",
      "license": "WHO publication, free for use with attribution"
    }
  ],
  "mirrorCIDs": [],
  "codes": {
    "atc": {
      "code": "S01AE03",
      "name": "Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)",
      "level": 5
    }
  },
  "drafting": {
    "aiAssisted": false,
    "aiModel": null,
    "aiPromptHash": null,
    "humanReviewer": "palmzamak2547",
    "humanReviewedAt": "2026-05-31",
    "humanEditsRatio": null
  },
  "signatures": [],
  "reviewedBy": null,
  "lastUpdated": "2026-05-31",
  "version": 1,
  "changelog": [
    {
      "version": 1,
      "date": "2026-05-31",
      "summary": "New entry — clinical content compiled from cited authoritative sources (Merck Veterinary Manual / FDA-EMA labels / VCA / Today's Vet Practice / peer-reviewed), cross-checked. Every statement cited. Reviewed by palmzamak2547. Pending faculty canonical signature."
    }
  ]
}

Public keys used

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