Anesthetic — NMDA antagonist, dissociative

Ketamine

คีตามีน

ชื่อทางการค้า · Ketalar, Ketamax

กลไกการออกฤทธิ์ · Mechanism

TEMPLATE — mechanism pending Thai translation + faculty review (cross-check DailyMed + WHO ATC + PubChem + WHO Essential Medicines List + WSAVA Anaesthesia guidelines)

ข้อบ่งใช้ · Indications

TEMPLATE — indications pending Thai translation + faculty review (cross-check DailyMed + WHO ATC + PubChem + WHO Essential Medicines List + WSAVA Anaesthesia guidelines)^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

ข้อห้ามใช้ · Contraindications

TEMPLATE — contraindications pending Thai translation + faculty review (cross-check DailyMed + WHO ATC + PubChem + WHO Essential Medicines List + WSAVA Anaesthesia guidelines)^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

ขนาดยา · Dosage

Species	Indication	Route	Dose	Cite
canine	TEMPLATE — pending faculty review	PO	— TEMPLATE: รอ dose จาก peer-reviewed source + faculty signoff —	^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}
feline	TEMPLATE — pending faculty review	PO	— TEMPLATE: รอ dose จาก peer-reviewed source + faculty signoff —	^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}
equine	TEMPLATE — pending faculty review	PO	— TEMPLATE: รอ dose จาก peer-reviewed source + faculty signoff —	^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

ผลข้างเคียง · Side effects

TEMPLATE — side effects pending Thai translation + faculty review (cross-check DailyMed + WHO ATC + PubChem + WHO Essential Medicines List + WSAVA Anaesthesia guidelines)^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}

References

1regulatory-database · Ketamine — NLM DailyMed (FDA Structured Product Labeling), 2025upstream ↗c/92b1e2f5…af96Cross-checked source: FDA-approved labeling. Search by name returns relevant product labelings.
2guideline · ATC N01AX03 — Ketamine, 2025upstream ↗c/b63900d1…8a20Cross-checked source: WHO Collaborating Centre ATC/DDD index. Authoritative drug classification.
3monograph · Ketamine — PubChem search, 2025upstream ↗c/8c86a058…7181Cross-checked source: chemical structure, identifiers, pharmacology summary. Faculty review fills exact CID.
4guideline · WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (22nd List, 2021), 2021upstream ↗c/71030c79…53ebCross-checked source: drug appears on WHO EML — WHO recognizes its place in basic healthcare.
5guideline · WSAVA Anaesthesia and Sedation Guidelines, 2018upstream ↗c/33d00d5e…1090Cross-checked source: WSAVA framework for safe anesthesia + sedation protocols in companion animals.